Secondary 1 – Maths: Theoretical Probability and Relative Frequency
Secondary 1 students start Semester 2 by learning the topic of Probability. The lesson begins with students playing games that involve chance and experimentation, such as UNO, Poker Cards, Snakes and Ladders, and Scrabble. Through these games, students are first familiarised with the ideas of chance, trials, and probability before learning the concepts more deeply, including theoretical probability, experimental probability, relative frequency, and fairness tests.
After playing the games, students are guided to connect their game experiences to probability concepts. They then apply these concepts to understand probability in various situations. Next, students conduct both small-scale and large-scale experiments using coins and dice to observe the relationship between theoretical probability, experimental results, and relative frequency, and how these relate to testing fairness.
At the end of the learning sequence, students complete a post-test to assess their understanding.
Through these activities, students develop a strong conceptual foundation in probability by learning through experience, reflection, and experimentation.
